If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. Greece is well known for the thousands of islands dotting the three seas that surround the country. Note: Italy's capital, Rome, is the country's largest city if only the municipality (comune) is considered. If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media. The United States began to lead the Western world, while the Soviet Union, with its capital in the Eastern European city of Moscow, Russia, led the so-called Eastern Bloc. The continent is awash with stunning beaches so its only right that the facts of European geography include its longest beach. The empire of ancient Rome, at its greatest extent in the 2nd century ce, revealed, and imprinted its culture on, much of the face of the continent. Within the standard geographical boundaries, it is comprised of 737 million. Around 400 CE, the Alemanni, a Germanic tribe, invaded present-day northern Switzerland. The North European Plain remains the most densely populated region of Europe.Central UplandsThe Central Uplands extend east-west across Central Europe and include western France and Belgium, southern Germany, the Czech Republic, and parts of northern Switzerland and Austria.The Central Uplands are lower in altitude and less rugged than the Alpine region and are heavily wooded. She or he will best know the preferred format. Strict EU regulations place a heavy burden on developing countries to compete with their more developed neighbors.The global financial crisis, which began around 2008, has caused these tensions to elevate dramatically. Asia is not Europe ;-). Land relief in Europe shows great variation within relatively small areas. An arc of uplands also exists along the northwestern seaboard, beginning in southwestern Ireland, continuing across through western and northern Great Britain, and up along the mountainous, fjord-cut spine of Norway. Traders and travelers also reported that the Europe beyond Greece possessed distinctive physical units, with mountain systems and lowland river basins much larger than those familiar to inhabitants of the Mediterranean region. 3. Automobile companies such as BMW, Mercedes, and Audi are known throughout the world for creating cars with dynamic designs and an engaging driving experience. When you reach out to him or her, you will need the page title, URL, and the date you accessed the resource. The 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference was held in Copenhagen, Denmark. The Sami followed and cared for these herds during their grazing cycle. In this case, the region of Western Europe includes the regions of northern Europe, southern Europe, Central Europe, and the British Isles. Lesotho (landlocked within South Africa), is the only other country in the world surrounded entirely by another country. With such a large number of nationalities compacted into such a small area, Europe strongly supports individual cultural identities and products.The European Capitals of Culture program, started in 1985, has become one of Europes most important and high-profile cultural events. Europe's highest peak, Mount Elbrus at 5,642 meters (18,510 feet), is in the Caucasus Mountains of Russia. The program has provided a lasting economic boost to cities and regions, raised their international profiles, and enhanced their images in the eyes of their own inhabitants.Each year, two or three cities are chosen to produce a year-long program of cultural events. Desert climates are found in the European portion of Kazakhstan and South Eastern Spain. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. Establishing fishing limits, protecting threatened habitats, and encouraging sustainable consumption habits are some efforts supported by European conservationists. Europe is the western peninsula of the giant "supercontinent" of Eurasia. Europes continuing economic achievements are evidenced by its high standard of living and its successes in science, technology, and the arts. All in all, Europe enjoys a considerable and long-exploited resource base of soil, forest, sea, and minerals (notably coal), but its people are increasingly its principal resource. The Balkan peninsula is separated from Asia by the Black and Aegean Seas. You cannot download interactives. Fewer than a million people are fluent in Romansch. During the harsh winter, the Sami ate all parts of the animal. Physiographically, it is the northwestern peninsula of the larger landmass known as Eurasia (or the larger Afro-Eurasia ); Asia occupies the centre and east of this continuous landmass. Italian fashion is also an important cultural export. 2. Early Europeans, in fact, shaped global ideas of citizenship and government. Eastern Europe is everything east of Germany, Austria, and Italy. Switzerland, federated country of central Europe. By size, Germany is the seventh-largest European country. 16 S Sunwood Ln , Sandy, UT 84092 is a single-family home listed for-sale at $1,295,000. In fact, many developing nations argued that the Copenhagen Accord was drafted by a small group of powerful countries and unfairly disadvantages poorer countries, many of which are expected to suffer the worst effects of climate change.The ageing of Europes population is also expected to dramatically affect the continents social, political, and financial future. Lets take a short tour around some of the most notable geographical facts about Europe. Literally, Europa is now thought to have meant Mainland, rather than the earlier interpretation, Sunset. It appears to have suggested itself to the Greeks, in their maritime world, as an appropriate designation for the extensive northerly lands that lay beyond, lands with characteristics vaguely known yet clearly different from those inherent in the concepts of Asia and Libyaboth of which, relatively prosperous and civilized, were associated closely with the culture of the Greeks and their predecessors. View more property details, sales history and Zestimate data on Zillow. It looks at mountains and valleys, as well as rivers and oceans. At its largest, Rome controlled approximately 6.5 million square kilometers (2.5 million square miles) of land.The Roman approach to conquering and controlling territory is often considered to be the basis of Western imperialism. Around 10% of the world's population lives in Europe. The topography of the country is divided very clearly between the hilly Oesling of the . This is a main theme of The Odyssey, an epic poem written by Homer, in which these key elements of the sea both help and hurt the hero.Other cultures developed around the unique resources at their disposal. The population within the standard physical geographical boundaries was 701 million in 2005 according to the United Nations. Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Serbia, and North Macedonia constitute a contiguous landlocked agglomeration of eight countries in Central Europe and the Balkans, stretching from Geneva all the way to Skopje. The map was produced using a Lambert conformal conic projection, with standard parallels at 40 degrees north . Its major peninsulas include Jutland and the Scandinavian, Iberian, Italian, and Balkan peninsulas. Today much of topography is focused on creating 3D representations of the Earth's surface. Aby witryna CORDIS dziaaa poprawnie, obsuga JavaScript musi by wczona. Xenophobia is an intense dislike or fear of people from other places or cultures.Two events demonstrate this debate. All the major bodies of water in Europe have been fished for centuries. The western boundary is the Atlantic Ocean. A fjord is a long and narrow inlet of the sea that is surrounded by high, rugged cliffs. Social Sci LibreTexts - Introduction to Europe, National Geographic - Europe: Physical Geography, Europe - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Europe - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), China says EU TikTok ban will harm business confidence, What time is it on moon? The temperature difference between summer and winter gradually increases from coastal northwest Europe to southeast inland Europe, ranging from Ireland, with a temperature difference of only 10C from the warmest to the coldest month, to the area north of the Caspian Sea, with a temperature difference of 40C. This article treats the physical and human geography of Europe. Other European islands are much smaller. Glaciation too has left its mark over wide areas, and the processes of erosion and deposition have created a highly variegated and compartmentalized countryside. Important highlands in this region include the Massif Central and the Vosges in France, the Ardennes of Belgium, the Black Forest and the Taunus in Germany, and the Ore and Sudeten in the Czech Republic. Larger only than Australia, it is a small appendage of Eurasia. Flag. Glaciers are found in a surprisingly large number of European countries, including Iceland, Norway, Spain, France, Switzerland, Austria and Germany. The geology of Europe is hugely varied and complex, and gives rise to the wide variety of landscapes found across the continent, from the Scottish Highlands to the rolling plains of Hungary. Europe is home to the birthplace of democracy and Western culture in the ancient civilizations of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. It happens to be the longest river in Europe and covers 3,692 km/ 2,295 miles long. Ethnic Groups / People of Europe are at 87. Most extensive between the Baltic and White seas in the north and the Black, Azov, and Caspian seas in the south, the lowland area narrows westward, lying to the south of the northwestern highlands; it is divided also by the English Channel and the mountains and plateaus of central Europe. Lake Ladoga is the worlds 14th largest lake by area, and Russia also has the deepest lake in the world Lake Baikal. Ancient Greeks believed it was the home of the gods. To read all future answers to your comment, please bookmark this page. Among the continents, Europe is an anomaly. There is ongoing debate on where the geographical centre of Europe falls. Thrace is the western part of Turkey on the European continent.. This program must not only highlight the citys unique cultural heritage, but also feature new events that unite a range of cultural practices from across Europe. A convenient division is made by a line linking the base of the peninsula of Jutland with the head of the Adriatic Sea. Antwerp is the biggest city of the country. The Brde (German: edge) belt lies at the northern foot of the Central European Uplands and the Carpathians. Some of these facts about Europe are newer than others. Important Scandinavian companies focused on designed products include Electrolux, which makes home electronics, and Ikea and H&M, famous around the world for inexpensive but well-designed home furnishings and clothing, respectively. Kazakhstan. Among the struggling economies that may suffer from carbon emission limits are Romania, Bulgaria, and Moldova.Thus, it seems that Europes historic disparities between north and south, west and east, will continue to widen in the future. In fact, the tallest mountain in Europe is in Kazakhstan and is called Khan Tengri, standing 22,999 feet high, some 4,500 feet higher than the next tallest, Mount Elbrus in Russia. The Danubian and northern Italian lowlands are thus mountain-ringed islands. The Netherlands is a country located in Northwestern Europe. San Marino and Vatican City, two fully sovereign nations, are both completely surrounded by Italy. Europe is a peninsula of the Eurasian supercontinent and is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean, Black, and Caspian Seas to the south. Intense trade introduced many species, which often overtook native plants. Of the top 10 largest lakes in Europe, 6 are in Russia, although 1 partly sits in Estonia. It includes parts of France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Poland, the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania), and Belarus.Most of the Great European Plain lies below 152 meters (500 feet) in elevation. Sub-regions such as Iberia and Italy contain their own complex features, as does mainland Europe itself, where the relief contains many plateaus, river valleys, and basins that complicate the general trend. Still another scheme with many adherents locates the continental boundary along the Aras River and the Turkish border, thereby putting Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia in Europe. This description is simplified. Associated vegetation and soil forms also show continual variety, but only portions of the dominant woodland that clothed most of the continent when humans first appeared now remain. These projected changes will have two major effects: There will be a smaller work force to create a dynamic and industrious economy, and governments and citizens will have to care for more elderly people.These changes will affect different regions of Europe in different ways. The name Europe may also come from combining the Greek roots eur- (wide) and -op (seeing) to form the phrase wide-gazing.Europe is often described as a peninsula of peninsulas. A peninsula is a piece of land surrounded by water on three sides. Milan is also home to important European fashion magazines, such as Grazia, Vogue Italia, and Vera.German automotive design has a global reputation for excellence and prestige. The link between these peninsulas has made Europe a dominant economic, social, and cultural force throughout recorded history.Europes physical geography, environment and resources, and human geography can be considered separately.Today, Europe is home to the citizens of Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kosovo, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Kingdom (England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland), and Vatican City.Cultural GeographyEurope has a long history of human development and is considered the birthplace of Western Civilization. Because of their remoteness, however, all these regions have distinct dialects that differ slightly from their parent language. 3. Luxembourg is a small country located in the Low Countries, part of North-West Europe It borders Belgium for 148 kilometres (92 miles) to the west and north, France (73 km [45 mi]) to the south, and Germany (138 km [86 mi]) to the east. The northern plains are delimited in the west by the Scandinavian mountains and the mountainous parts of the British Isles. It is home to many navigable rivers, including the Rhine, Weser, Elbe, Oder, and Vistula. Critics believe the process of attaining EU membership is too difficult for Europes developing economies. The Bosporus, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanelles conclude the Asian boundary. 12. Topography Facts - Earth Science. The euro is the second-most popular currency (behind the American dollar) and is used daily by more than 320 million people. 2. Corrections? Geographically, Turkey forms a natural land bridge between the old world continents of Asia, Africa and Europe. Roma are a people and culture native to central and eastern Europe. Imperialism is a policy that has been used throughout history, most notably by European powers and the United States. Europe is sometimes called a "peninsula of peninsulas", to draw attention to the fact that Europe is a relatively small, elongated appendage to Asia, and that a large part of Europe is made up of peninsulas. But, I agree - the lines are very blurred. France is known for being a world power and has been an economic and cultural center of Europe for hundreds of years. Related topics are discussed in such articles as those on religion (e.g., Judaism and Roman Catholicism) and literature (e.g., Greek literature; Dutch literature; and Spanish literature). The central uplands and plateaus present distinctive landscapes of rounded summits, steep slopes, valleys, and depressions. ft. home is a 4 bed, 4.0 bath property. The other landlocked countries are "standalone" landlocked, not bordering any other such European one (the emphasis is necessary, since Kazakhstan borders Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan, thus forming a vast landlocked expanse in Central Asia). I think the same issue applies to Turkey, which unlike Russia sees itself as belonging more to Europe than Asia, politically and economically. The financial crisis, along with concerns about immigrants connections to terrorism and religious extremism, has caused Europe to develop a more guarded approach to immigration. This honor goes to Gouffre Mirolda in France. The biggest is Lake Ladoga, which covers just under 7,000 square miles and sits close to St. Petersburg. Europe occupies some 4 million square miles (10 million square km) within the conventional borders assigned to it. 1996 - 2023 National Geographic Society. Today, this is the German-speaking region of the country.Around this same time, Roman conquerors took over present-day southern Switzerland. Continental shelvesformer land surfaces that have been covered by shallow seasare a feature of peninsular Europe, while the coasts themselves are both submerged or drowned, as in southwestern Ireland and northwestern Spain, and emergent, as in western Scotland and southern Wales, where raised former beaches are in evidence. East of the Vistula River, Europes expansive lowlands have something of the scale and character of those of northern Asia. Certain countries and regions have even developed an identity or branding focused on specific products and exports.Scandinavian design, for instance, is primarily focused on fashion and home wares. Any interactives on this page can only be played while you are visiting our website. January average range from 13C in southern Spain and southern Greek islands to -20C in the northeastern part of European Russia. Brussels is considered to be the largest city of Belgium, according to the population of the Brussels-Capital Region. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. Superficial rock cover, elevation, drainage, and soil have sharply differentiated those lowlandswhich are of prime importance to human settlementinto areas of marsh or fen, clay vales, sand and gravel heaths, or river terraces and fertile plains. Rocks of all geologic periods are exposed, and the operation of geologic forces during an immense succession of eras has contributed to the molding of the landscapes of mountain, plateau, and lowland and has bequeathed a variety of mineral reserves. Greeces many earthquakes, and the tsunamis they caused, were connected to the sea god Poseidon, known as the Earth Shaker. Cults and temples centered on Poseidon were built throughout the Aegean and Mediterranean seas as a means of appeasing the god.As maritime trade and exploration developed in the region, winds and currents connected to Poseidon became important in Greek mythology. Ireland: geography and landscape. Fun Facts about Europe Europe is home to the smallest country in the world, the Holy See or the Vatican. The worn-down Ural Mountains also belong in that category, and their highest point, Mount Narodnaya (6,217 feet [1,895 metres]), corresponds approximately to that of the Massif Central in south-central France. These countries included Greece, Ireland, Spain, and Portugal. Flourishing immigrant communities are bringing in new languages to the continent, including Arabic, Hindi, and Mandarin.A 2006 European study showed that 53 percent of respondents could speak a second language, while 28 percent could speak two foreign languages. Check out this amazing list of Austria facts that include history, food, culture, and more. The debate surrounding the cartoons also intensified strained relations between the Islamic world and the West.In 2010, the French government dismantled illegal immigrant camps throughout France. Climatically, Europe benefits by having only a small proportion of its surface either too cold or too hot and dry for effective settlement and use. These nations do not feel an obligation to accept illegal immigrants, seeing them as both a threat and a burden.Supporters of the crackdown want to stop illegal immigration. City, two fully sovereign Nations, are both completely surrounded by high, rugged cliffs the 10! 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